LESBIANISM IN FEMALE AND COED CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS, ALICE M. PROPPER, JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY, 1978, VOL3(3), P265-274.

Questionnaire responses from 13- to 17-year-old girls in four all-female and three coed institutions were used to determine rates and causes of institutional homosexuality. Rates were as high in coed as in single-sexed institutions. The overall rates of homosexuality for all seven institutions were 14% for "going with or being married" to another girl, 10% for passionately kissing, 10% for writing love letters, and 7% for having sex, beyond hugging and kissing, with another girl. The data suggest that previous homosexuality, often experienced in other correctional programs, explains much of the variance in institutional homosexuality.

SEX, SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND CRIMINAL AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR, LEE ELLIS, HARRY HOFFMAN, DONALD M. BURKE, PERSONALITY & INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, 1990, VOL 11(12), P1207-1212.

This study was undertaken to help determine if homosexuals and bisexuals are more or less criminal and/or violent than heterosexuals. Based upon samples of 197 male and 279 female college students, Pearson correlations revealed several significant, but weak, relationships between sexual orientation and most forms of self-reported criminal and/or violent behavior patterns. Among males, the data generally suggested that heterosexuals were more criminal and violent than homosexuals (except in the case of drug offenses), but that bisexuals were more criminal and violent than heterosexuals. Among females, lesbians (including only a few females with exclusively homosexual preferences) were generally more criminal and violent than heterosexuals, although they were still less so than males (except for homosexual males). Results suggest that some important differences may exist among both sexes regarding relationships between sexual orientations and criminal/violent behavior.

CLASS OPPRESSION, AS IF IT MATTERED, JOHN DEVLIN, PROBATION JOURNAL JULY 1993, VOL 40(2), P72-77.

ANTI-GAY VIOLENCE AND VICTIMIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES, AN OVERVIEW, KEVIN T. BERRILL, JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE, 1990, VOL 5(3), P274-294.

This article provides a general description of the nature and scope of violence and harassment against lesbians and gy men in the United States. It summarizes the results of local, state, and national surveys, and discusses gender and racial/ethnic differences in types and incidence of victimizations. The article examines anti-gay violence and harassment in such contexts as the home, schools, college and university campuses, and prisons and jails. There is a discussion of the perpetrators of anti-gay violence and the growing role of organized hate groups in such attacks. The article also examines time trends in anti-gay violence and the possible relationship between such violence and increasing public awareness about AIDS. It concludes with a discussion of the limitations of existing data and the need for greater attention to the issue.

BEING GAY IN PRISON, PROBATION JOURNAL, 1993, VOL 40(2), P85-87.

WHAT HAPPENS TO LESBIANS AND GAY MEN: WHY YOU SHOULD CARE, GAVIN DOLD, PROBATION JOURNAL, 1993, VOL 40(2), P69-71.

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